Ilustrasi perjalanan karir Patih Majapahit Gajah Mada

1319 - Ra Kuti melakukan kudeta di Ibukota Majapahit dan mengangkat dirinya Raja.[1]
Gajah Mada berhasil menyelamatkan Raja Majapahit Jayanegara dan mengungsikannya ke desa Bedander.[1]
1321 - Gajah Mada bersiasat bersama loyalis dan berhasil menumpas pemberontakan Ra Kuti di ibukota Majapahit.[1]
Gajah Mada dipromosikan menjadi Patih di Kahuripan (Besuki)[1]
1328 - Raja Jayanegara dibunuh oleh Ra Tanca, tabib istana dalam suatu operasi pengobatan.[1]
Ra Tanca langsung dieksekusi di tempat oleh Gajah Mada.[1]
1331 - Gajah Mada turut dalam peperangan meredam pemberontakan bupati daerah Sadeng & Keta (Kabupaten Lumajang) bersama Adityawarman.[1]
1334 - Gajah Mada dipromosikan menjadi Mahapatih Mangkubumi Majapahit oleh Ratu Tribhuwana menggantikan Arya Tadah.[1]
Gajah Mada mengucapkan Sumpah Palapa, yaitu memakan hidangan hambar (tanpa rempah) bila nusantara dari seram (Maluku) sampai Tumasik (singapura) & pahang (malaysia) belum bersatu di bawah pimpinan Majapahit.[1]
1339 - Majapahit mengirim ekspedisi ke Swarnnabhumi (Sumatra) dipimpin Wreddamantri (Perdana Mentri) Adityawarman dari dinasti Mauli.[1][3][4]
1342 - Gajah Mada memimpin ekspedisi menaklukkan kerajaan Bedahulu (Bali) dibantu Arya Damar,bupati Palembang. [2]
1343 - Kerajaan Bedahulu (Bali) berhasil ditaklukkan.[2]
1343 - Pasukan Majapahit pimpinan Tumenggung Nala menaklukkan kerajaan Labuan Lombok (Selaparang)[5]
1347 - Adityawarman mengangkat dirinya sebagai Raja di Dharmasraya (Tengah Sumatra) .[6]
1350 - Ratu Tribuwana wafat, Putranya Hayam Wuruk naik tahta bergelar Rajasanegara. Gajah Mada tetap di posisi Mahapatih.[1]
1350 - Majapahit mengirim ekspedisi militer ke kerajaan Tumasik (Singapura) [7][?]

1. Kitab Pararaton
2. Babad Arya Tabanan
3. Slamet Muljana, (2005), Runtuhnya Kerajaan Hindu-Jawa dan Timbulnya Negara-negara Islam di Nusantara, Yogyakarta
4. Prasasti Manjusri
5.Yaningsih, Sri.Cerita Rakyat dari Nusa Tenggara Barat.Jakarta:Grasindo
6. Prasasti Amoghapasa
7. Leyden, John (1821), Malay Annals (translated from the Malay language), Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown

Cuplikan film diambil dari :
Saur Sepuh: Satria Madangkara (1987)
Tutur Tinular - Series (1997)
Damarwulan-Minakjinggo (1983)
Walisongo - series(2003)
Babad Tanah Jawa - TVRI (2014)
Sunan Kalijaga (1983)
BARAKATI - Official Trailer (2016)
Tutur Tinular : Pedang Naga Puspa (1989)
Empire Wars:Salamis - National Geographic (2016)
Time Traveller to Majapahit Kingdom @aficinemaholic
Civilization V : Brave New World

Music : Geoff Knorr and Michael Curran - Gajah mada War theme - Udan Mas

Young boys practices Tantra Shastra. They makes gesture while doing it and reciting mantra.

Study and practice of Tantra Shastra, it was in the hands of few Brahmin families and they lost their interest somehow and now the intention of the aim of ultimate aim of the Avera is to bring this science to the hands of the general methods. Irrespective of cast or religion or community anyone who is interested in the study or practice of this Shastra can learn it.

This footage is part of the broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The collection comprises of 150, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on 4K, 200 fps slow motion, Full HD, HDCAM 1080i High Definition, Alexa and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...

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cuộc đời của người phụ nũ việt nam, phim rất hay và ý nghĩa, các bạn xem phimg và nhấn theo dõi kênh giúp mình nhé sẽ cập nhật nhiều phim hay cho các bạn

There was a monk in Chinese history, whose position in the circle of Buddhism in China and contribution to the introduction of the Buddhism to China are both incomparable even though he was not the first Chinese monk that went to seek scriptures in India. His fortune and legendary stories on his way westward to get the scriptures have been passed down among the Chinese generation after generation.

Get to know more famous and ordinary Chinese people, please check out the playlist 【中国人物】Chinese People: http://bit.ly/2ymq8LR

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ASEAN Vlogger Thao introduces the 4 main religions in Singapore.

다양한 문화와 민족이 함께 모여 사는 싱가포르에는 어떤 종교들이 공존할까요? 싱가포르에 체류중인 아세안 브이로거 Thao가 싱가포르의 주요 종교를 소개합니다!

Produced by Nguyen Thu Thao, the ASEAN Vlogger of the ASEAN-Korea Centre

This is a Timeline of world's biggest religions and the key figure of every religion . It was hard to get the exact date for some of religions or religious figures, and I tried my best to get the most accurate date .

More videos : https://www.youtube.com/c/Dabshaleem/

Music : Kevin MacLeod ~ Gregorian Chant

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How religion turned American politics against science
New videos DAILY: https://bigth.ink
Join Big Think Edge for exclusive video lessons from top thinkers and doers: https://bigth.ink/Edge
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the last 30 years religion has radicalized American politics and seriously harmed the perception of science, says journalist and author Kurt Andersen. This can be directly tied to the rise of the Christian Right in the 20th century. To see this, you only have to look at the response to the same question posed to Republican presidential candidates over three election cycles, from 2008 to 2016: "Do you believe in Darwinian biological evolution?" In 2008, the majority answered yes. In 2012, there were notably less. In 2016? There was only one of 17 candidates who said he did—Jeb Bush, and even he began to backpedal as he answered. "I don’t believe all those people believed what they said," says Andersen, "I don’t think all of them disbelieve in evolution, just some of them—but they were all obliged to say 'yes' to falsehood and magical thinking of this religious kind, and that’s where it becomes problematic." From climate change to Creationism and outright conspiracy theories, Andersen points to how the Republican party has come to increasingly incorporate fantasy and wishful untruths into its approach to social, economic, and foreign policy—and it's turning America into an anti-science spectacle. Kurt Andersen is the author of Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire.
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KURT ANDERSEN

Kurt Andersen, host of Studio 360 on NPR, is a journalist and the author of the novels Hey Day, Turn of the Century, The Real Thing, and his latest non-fiction book Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire: A 500-Year History. He has written and produced prime-time network television programs and pilots for NBC and ABC, and co-authored Loose Lips, an off-Broadway theatrical revue that had long runs in New York and Los Angeles. He is a regular columnist for New York Magazine, and contributes frequently to Vanity Fair. He is also a founder of Very Short List. 

Andersen began his career in journalism at NBC's Today program and at Time, where he was an award-winning writer on politics and criminal justice and for eight years the magazine's architecture and design critic. Returning to Time in 1993 as editor-at-large, he wrote a weekly column on culture. And from 1996 through 1999 he was a staff writer and columnist for The New Yorker. He was a co-founder of Inside.com, editorial director of Colors magazine, and editor-in-chief of both New York and Spy magazines, the latter of which he also co-founded.

From 2004 through 2008 he wrote a column called "The Imperial  City" for New York (one of which is included in The Best American Magazine Writing 2008).  In 2008 Forbes. com named him one of The 25 Most Influential Liberals in the U.S. Media. Anderson graduated magna cum laude from Harvard College, and is a member of the boards of trustees of the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum, the Pratt Institute, and is currently Visionary in Residence at Art Center College of Design in Pasadena. He lives with his family in New York City. 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRANSCRIPT:

Kurt Andersen: In 2008, the big Republican presidential candidates were asked: "How many of you believe in Darwinian biological evolution?" Two-thirds or three-quarters said, "I do." In 2012, the same question was asked, same group of people—Republican presidential candidates—and it was already down to a third. In 2016, the 17 main candidates for the Republican nomination were asked: "Do you believe in evolution?" One, Jeb Bush, brave Jeb Bush, said he did—"but," he said, walking it back even as he said it, “I’m not sure it should be taught in our public schools, and if it is, it should be taught along with Creationism.” So from 2008 to 2016, that was the change and that change is—I don’t believe all those people believed what they said; I don’t think all of them disbelieve in evolution, just some of them—but they were all obliged to say yes to falsehood and magical thinking of this religious kind and that’s where it becomes problematic.

America has always been a Christian nation. That meant a very different thing 100 years ago or even 50 years ago than it means today. I grew up not going to church very often at all and not with much religious education, but all of my friends were weekly, regular churchgoers of various kinds.

Christian Protestant religion became extreme, it became more magical and supernatural in its beliefs and practices in America than it had been in hundreds of years and more so t...

For the full transcript, check out https://bigthink.com/videos/kurt-andersen-how-religion-turned-american-politics-against-science

A short documentary on how a Buddhist Temple and Hindu Temple is teaching young people about their culture.

Next in The Big Story: http://youtu.be/dAekcGJXKv4 (Biology, the Brain and History)

This video has been selected as one of the TED Ed Best Flips.
http://ed.ted.com/featured/AyqDI3A9

Subscribe to stay up to date with new videos.

***
Sources:
The Forest People, by Colin M Turnbull, 1961
The Old Way: A Story of the First People, by Elizabeth Marshall Thomas, 2006
The Evolution of God, by Robert Wright, 2009

Additional Reading:
"Evolutionary origin of religions," Wikipedia
The Dawn of Belief: Religon in the Upper Paleolithic of Southwestern Europe, Chapters 4~7, by D Bruce Dickson, 1990
The Elementary Forms of Religious Life, by Émile Durkheim, 1915

Script adapted from here:
http://www.macrohistory.com/h1/ch00.htm

Narrator:
http://www.matthewkendrick.com/

Soundtrack:
https://soundcloud.com/four-tet/angel-echoes-jon-hopkins-remix

✪✪✪✪✪ http://www.theaudiopedia.com ✪✪✪✪✪

What is FOLK RELIGION? What does FOLK RELIGION mean? FOLK RELIGION meaning - FOLK RELIGION definition - FOLK RELIGION explanation.

Source: Wikipedia.org article, adapted under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ license.

Folk religion, alongside popular religion and vernacular religion, are terms used within religious studies and folkloristics to describe various forms and expressions of religion that are deemed distinct from the official doctrines and practices of organized religion. The precise definition of folk religion varies among scholars. Sometimes also termed popular belief, it consists of ethnic or regional religious customs under the umbrella of a religion, but outside of official doctrine and practices.

The term "folk religion" is generally held to encompass two related but separate subjects. The first is the religious dimension of folk culture, or the folk-cultural dimensions of religion. The second refers to the study of syncretisms between two cultures with different stages of formal expression, such as the melange of African folk beliefs and Roman Catholicism that led to the development of Vodun and Santería, and similar mixtures of formal religions with folk cultures.

Chinese folk religion, Folk Christianity, Folk Hinduism, and Folk Islam are examples of folk religion associated with major religions. The term is also used, especially by the clergy of the faiths involved, to describe the desire of people who otherwise infrequently attend religious worship, do not belong to a church or similar religious society, and who have not made a formal profession of faith in a particular creed, to have religious weddings or funerals, or (among Christians) to have their children baptised.

In The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, John Bowker characterized "folk religion" as either "religion which occurs in small, local communities which does not adhere to the norms of large systems" or "the appropriation of religious beliefs and practices at a popular level."

Don Yoder argued that there were five separate ways of defining folk religion. The first was a perspective rooted in a cultural evolutionary framework which understood folk religion as representing the survivals of older forms of religion; in this, it would constitute "the survivals, in an official religious context, of beliefs and behavior inherited from earlier stages of the culture's development". This definition would view folk religion in Catholic Europe as the survivals of pre-Christian religion and the folk religion in Protestant Europe as the survivals of Medieval Catholicism. The second definition identified by Yoder was the view that folk religion represented the mixture of an official religion with forms of ethnic religion; this was employed to explain the place of folk religion in the syncretic belief systems of the Americas, where Christianity had blended with the religions of indigenous American and African communities.

Today we’re turning our sociological eye to another major social institution: religion. We’ll use symbolic interactionism to help us understand the dichotomy of the Sacred vs. the Profane. We’ll compare the perspectives of structural functionalists and conflict theorists on whether religion improves social cohesiveness or increases social stratification. We’ll also explore how religious practice in the US differs across race and class lines.

Crash Course is made with Adobe Creative Cloud. Get a free trial here: https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud/catalog/desktop.html

***

References:
Sociology by John J. Macionis, 15th edition (2014)

Pew Research Center Religious Landscape Survey (2014) http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/

***

Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:

Mark Brouwer, Nickie Miskell Jr., Jessica Wode, Eric Prestemon, Kathrin Benoit, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Divonne Holmes à Court, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, Indika Siriwardena, Robert Kunz, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Daniel Baulig, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, Evren Türkmenoğlu, Alexander Tamas, Justin Zingsheim, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, mark austin, Ruth Perez, Malcolm Callis, Ken Penttinen, Advait Shinde, Cody Carpenter, Annamaria Herrera, William McGraw, Bader AlGhamdi, Vaso, Melissa Briski, Joey Quek, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Alex S, Mayumi Maeda, Kathy & Tim Philip, Montather, Jirat, Eric Kitchen, Moritz Schmidt, Ian Dundore, Chris Peters, Sandra Aft, Steve Marshall
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Produced by QualiaSoup for the National Secular Society.

VICE News traveled around the world speaking to people about their thoughts about what role religion should play in society.

Find out what people from Milan, Italy to Chicago, Illinois had to say about about the interplay between church and state.

Watch the People Speak on GMOs - http://bit.ly/1g6Qo2V

Watch the People Speak on Democracy - http://bit.ly/1EDY4xz

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Ever wondered what those orange robe wearing monks are up to? Today we are covering WHAT IS BUDDHISM and what do the buddhists believe?

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There's a lot of confusion about Buddhism. Is it a religion or a philosophy, are they all monks or what?

Well, they follow a fairly standard religion that is of the belief that all humans suffer. And we suffer because we have desires. Buddhism is a practical religion with a toolset to help you remove your desires.

Through changing mindsets, meditation, yoga, and certain beliefs to follow, we can all reach that state of Nirvana where there are no desires.

I hope this video helps you to reach Nirvana or understand more about Buddhism. What is Buddhism, and what are the the beliefs that the Buddhists follow.

Music:
Buddha by Kontekst https://soundcloud.com/kontekstmusic Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported— CC BY 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Music promoted by Audio Library https://youtu.be/b6jK2t3lcRs

What is Buddhism? What do Buddhists believe? That's what we'll find out today. In this video I'll explain Buddhism and we'll see who was the Buddha.


Buddhism the one of the world’s major religions. But outside of Asia it isn’t very well known. What is Buddhism? Who was the Buddha? What do Buddhists Believe? Thats what we’ll find out in this episode of Cogito.
We will learn about the life of the Buddha. The 4 Noble truths that he taught will be explained. The way to Nirvana, the Noble Eightfold Path will also be explained.
Have you ever wondered what’s the difference between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. You won’t have to wonder for much longer :D
While I have tried to explain Buddhism in a simple and understandable way it is important to note that I cannot cover everything in a ten minute video. If you would like to research more here are some links to the books I used to research this episode. Thanks you for watching.
COGITO T-SHIRTS AVAILABLE AT: https://teespring.com/en-GB/stores/cogito-store

BOOKS I USED TO RESEARCH (AFFILIATE LINKS) - I get a small percentage of the price if you purchase these. It helps support the channel. But I just wanted to let you know.
What the Buddha Taught by Walpola Sri Rahula (http://amzn.to/2upkJUJ)
The Life of the Buddha by Bhikkhu Ñanamoli (http://amzn.to/2uklEWZ)
In the Buddha's Words by Fajer Al-Kaisi (http://amzn.to/2vnf3rx)
Buddhism For Dummies by Jonathan Landaw (http://amzn.to/2utLtUR)

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Intro is by Kevin MacLeod at https://incompetech.com/
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What is Hinduism?

Hinduism, the religion of over a billion people, is the world’s oldest religion and the most confusing one to non-Hindus. It makes billions of people around the world ask, What is Hinduism? Some say it isn’t even a religion, more a way of life. Hindus themselves call it Sanātana Dharma, the eternal tradition. So what is Hinduism, does YOLO apply to them, and who is that elephant god?

Hinduism is the world's oldest active religion. It's the result of the merging of the ancient Indus Valley civilisation and nomads that came into India around 1500BC. Some scholars say it could even go back many more thousands of years.

Hinduism has a long long history. But today we'll be focusing just on the core beliefs of Hindus because I don't have the willpower to animate a 3-hour video.

Hinduism is so diverse, so deep, and means so many different things to different people. Learning even the basics of this fascinating and ancient religion gives us an insight into the worldview of over a billion people.


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Sources

Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction by Kim Knott. https://amzn.to/2JcLh1d

The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism by Gavin Flood, https://amzn.to/2Xji0Mf

Hinduism Today: An Introduction by Stephen Jacobs, https://amzn.to/2XbP5ts

You can find all Vedas here https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/index.htm

Hinduism For Dummies by Amrutur V. Srinivasan, https://amzn.to/2xk3LHw

https://books.google.com/books?id=XgFu-9UF0TYC&pg=PA230&dq=11000BC+Rigbed&redir_esc=y&hl=es-419#v=onepage&q=11000BC%20Rigbed&f=false

https://www.hafsite.org/hinduism-101/hinduism-basics

http://www.religioustolerance.org/hinduism2.htm

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/76986483.pdf

https://www.holy-bhagavad-gita.org/chapter/18/verse/41

http://www.mahavidya.ca/category/vedic-religion/

All images are taken from Creative Commons or used in accordance with fair use. If one of your images has been used and I have forgotten to attribute please contact me by email or on twitter I will instantly resolve that.

Why have you scrolled this far down? No one reads down here.

#India #Hindu #Hinduism #IndianHistory #Hindus
Music by Epidemic Sound: http://epidemicsound.com/creator

Get 30 days FREE Audible Membership here http://audible.com/cogito or text cogito to 500-500. Remember to finish 3 audiobooks by March 3rd 2020, to get $20 Amazon credit

Sikhism, the 5th largest and youngest of the world religions. A religion that preaches about love, peace, and the equality of humankind, but also asks it’s followers to carry swords.

Sikhism originated in the Punjab area of India and Pakistan, 500 years ago. The Punjab, the land of five rivers, is one of the most historically and culturally dense areas on Earth. Today there are about 25 million Sikhs. They make up about 2% of India's population but about 60% of the Punjab's. The Sikh diaspora is spread out across the world with concentrations in the UK, Canada, The US, East Africa, Australia, and Malaysia. Sikhs interestingly enough make up almost 1.5% of Canada's population which is second only to India.

So who are the Sikh’s, what do they believe, and why does everyone confuse them for Muslims? Well Let’s Find Out.

IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO CONTRIBUTE TO MY PATREON PLEASE SEE HERE.

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Check Out My Other Videos
History Of Ancient China | Dynasties, Confucius, And The First Emperor https://youtu.be/tpy5BMhMYYw
Who Are The San Bushmen? | The World's Oldest People https://youtu.be/1oQ5Jd7p2aY
The Éirinn Curtain: A History Of The Irish Border https://youtu.be/0fyJaL_w8e0
What Is Jainism? https://youtu.be/KkwmYlgkOhU
Who Are The Berbers Of North Africa https://youtu.be/a39oM3MJleY
What Is Hinduism? https://youtu.be/xlBEEuYIWwY


Sources:

Guru Granth Sahib, available for free in many places online or on amazon here https://amzn.to/2QEHRtb
Lindsay Jones, Encyclopedia of Religion, https://amzn.to/2TegHLc
Daljeet Singh - Essentials of Sikhism (1994), https://amzn.to/39WfHBm
Sewa Singh Kalsi - Sikhism (Religions of the World) (2004), https://amzn.to/36O29WZ
Nikky-Guninder Kaur Kaur Singh - Sikhism An Introduction, https://amzn.to/2uANG2p
Sikhism A Very Short Introduction - Nesbitt, Eleanor, https://amzn.to/36yKsdH

All images are taken from Creative Commons or used in accordance with fair use. If one of your images has been used and I have forgotten to attribute please contact me by email or on twitter I will instantly resolve that.

Why have you scrolled this far down? No one reads down here.

#Sikhs #Sikhism #Sikhi #Punjab
Music by Epidemic Sound: http://epidemicsound.com/creator

An introduction to Siddhartha Gautama Buddha and Buddhism.

Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/ancient-medieval/buddhism-intro/v/core-spiritual-ideas-of-buddhism

World History on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.

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For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything

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